Cancer is one of the most dangerous and common diseases in the world, causing millions of deaths each year. This article will help you have a better understanding of the causes, symptoms, and treatment methods of cancer. 1. What is cancer? Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by the abnormal growth of cells that divide uncontrollably and have the potential to invade and destroy normal body tissues. More than a hundred distinct forms of cancer. Cancer is frequently called for the organ where it originates. For example, lung cancer originates from cells in the lungs, and colon cancer arises from cells in the colon. Additionally, cancer can also be named based on the type of cells that form it, such as carcinoma (cancer of epithelial cells) or sarcoma (cancer of connective tissues). Some cancers also develop from blood cells, known as hematologic malignancies. 2. Causes of Cancer 2.1 DNA Mutations Cancer is caused by changes (DNA mutations) in cells. The DNA inside a cell is packaged into a large number of individual genes. Each gene contains a set of instructions telling the cell what functions to perform, as well as how to grow and divide. Errors in these instructions can cause the cell to stop functioning normally, potentially leading to cancer. These mutations are the most prevalent mutations observed in cancer. However, many other gene mutations can contribute to the disease. 2.2 Unhealthy Lifestyle Daily lifestyle habits are also considered one of the factors that increase the risk of cancer. Smoking, drinking more than one alcoholic beverage a day (for women of all ages and men over 65) or two drinks a day (for men 65 and younger), excessive sun exposure or frequent sunburns, obesity, and unsafe sexual practices can all contribute to cancer. 2.3 Heredity If cancer runs […]

Stomach pain is a common symptom experienced by many people in daily life. To help you better understand this condition and how to cope with it, this article delves into the causes, symptoms, and detailed treatment measures for stomach pain. 1. What is Stomach Pain? Stomach pain refers to a common gastrointestinal condition that includes issues such as bloating, flatulence, indigestion, and nausea. There are three common areas that individuals with stomach pain should pay attention to: 2. Causes of Stomach Pain According to scientific studies, stomach pain can arise from various causes, often related to the individual’s lifestyle habits. Below are some key causes of stomach pain: 2.1 Microbial Infections Various bacteria and fungi can cause inflammation and ulcers in the stomach, resulting in pain and bleeding. The most common culprit is Helicobacter pylori (HP). Many patients may be infected with HP without experiencing stomach ulcers. Excessive alcohol consumption and the intake of harmful substances create an environment conducive to the growth of these bacteria, leading to stomach damage. 2.2 Dietary Habits Unhealthy eating habits are the leading cause of stomach inflammation and ulcers. Individuals with poor eating habits often suffer from stomach-related illnesses, including: 2.3 Psychological Factors Individuals who frequently experience stress or pressure are at a higher risk of stomach pain compared to others. Stress can lead to increased stomach contractions and secretion, resulting in an imbalance that can erode the stomach lining, causing inflammation and ulcers. 2.4 Medical Conditions Certain gastrointestinal disorders can adversely affect stomach function, including pancreatitis, gallbladder disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and irritable bowel syndrome. Additionally, stomach pain may result from thyroid disorders, as this gland regulates digestive functions. 2.5 Medication Use Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and high-dose antibiotics can disrupt the beneficial microorganisms in the stomach, leading to unwanted consequences such as […]

High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, is a serious medical condition that can lead to numerous health issues if not managed promptly. This article will provide detailed information about high blood pressure, including its causes, symptoms, complications, and treatment, to help you understand it better and know how to prevent it effectively. 1. What is High Blood Pressure? High blood pressure occurs when the force of the blood pushing against the artery walls is too high, resulting in elevated blood pressure levels. Blood pressure is measured by two readings: systolic pressure (the upper number) and diastolic pressure (the lower number). Normal blood pressure is below 120/80 mmHg. When your blood pressure exceeds 130/80 mmHg, you are considered to have hypertension. 2. Causes of High Blood Pressure There are several potential causes of high blood pressure, including: 3. What is Considered High Blood Pressure? Blood pressure is defined based on two measurements (Systolic Pressure/Diastolic Pressure): According to the updated 2018 guidelines from the European Society of Cardiology (ESC), hypertension is classified based on severity as follows: Additionally, the Vietnam Cardiology Association considers blood pressure below 120/80 mmHg to be normal. Blood pressure consistently above 140/90 mmHg is considered hypertension. 4. Symptoms of High Blood Pressure High blood pressure often does not exhibit clear symptoms, which is why it is referred to as the “silent killer.” However, some individuals may experience symptoms such as: 5. Complications of High Blood Pressure If left untreated, high blood pressure can lead to serious complications such as: 5.1. Cardiovascular Disease 5.2. Stroke 5.3. Kidney Failure 5.4. Vision Impairment 5.5. Peripheral Artery Disease Hypertension can lead to narrowing of peripheral arteries, causing pain and reduced blood flow to the arms and legs. 5.6. Aneurysm High blood pressure weakens artery walls, increasing the risk of aneurysms. If […]

Pneumonia is a serious lung infection that can affect individuals of all ages, especially children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems. This article provides detailed information about the symptoms, causes, complications, and treatment of pneumonia, helping you to understand and prevent this condition effectively. 1. What is Pneumonia? Pneumonia is an infection that inflames one or both lungs, caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. When pneumonia occurs, the air sacs in the lungs (alveoli) become inflamed and may fill with fluid or pus, leading to difficulty breathing and other symptoms. 1.1 Classification of Pneumonia by Cause 1.2 Classification of Pneumonia by Mode of Transmission 2. Symptoms of Pneumonia The symptoms of pneumonia can vary depending on the underlying cause and the severity of the infection. Common symptoms include: 3. Causes of Pneumonia 3.1 Bacterial Pneumonia Bacteria are responsible for the majority of community-acquired pneumonia cases in adults. Bacterial pneumonia typically spreads through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Individuals with weakened immune systems or chronic health conditions are more susceptible to bacterial pneumonia. 3.2 Viral Pneumonia Currently, the most dangerous virus causing pneumonia is SARS-CoV-2. As of September 4, 2021, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has affected over 220 million people globally, resulting in more than 4.56 million deaths. Additionally, pneumonia can also be caused by various other viruses that cause colds and flu. 3.3 Fungal Pneumonia This type of pneumonia results from inhaling fungal spores and is more common in individuals with chronic health issues or weakened immune systems. Fungal pneumonia can develop rapidly, as inhaled spores attach to the lungs. Smokers and those living in dusty or moldy environments are more at risk. 3.4 Chemical Pneumonia Also known as aspiration pneumonia, this rare but serious condition occurs due to inhaling chemical fumes or irritants. The […]